Table of Contents
Introduction
Isotretinoin is employed to treat severe acne but can have other possible benefits. Tretinoin, an isomer of it, is a medication for acne. [R] Isotretinoin at 20°C, it is in a solid state with a melting point of around 172-177°C. [R]
The body synthesizes isotretinoin, also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid, from tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid), which is a retinol (vitamin A) derivative. Isomerization, which can occur in either a cis or trans conformation, is the process of converting a molecule into a new isomer. [R]
What is Isotretinoin?
A substance called isotretinoin, which is derived from vitamin A, is frequently prescribed to treat severe acne that is not improving with other therapies. It functions by encouraging cell turnover, which helps avoid clogged pores, and lowering the amount of oil generated by the skin’s sebaceous glands. Although isotretinoin is well known for its ability to treat severe acne, it can also have serious adverse effects, which is why it is usually recommended under close physician care.
Key Features
RCD.bio offers Isotretinoin with the following specifications:
- A purity of 98%, verified by third-party laboratory testing.
- Available in two dosages of tablets: 40ct/600mg and 80ct/1200mg
Chemical Profile Isotretinoin
- CAS Number is stated as 4759-48-2
- Molar Mass is 300.442 g·mol−1
- It has a Chemical Formula of C20H28O2
- IUPAC Name: (2Z,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid
- Also known by synonyms as 13-cis-retinoic acid
How Does It Work?
As isotretinoin affects all of the key elements implicated in acne development, including cell-cycle progression, cellular differentiation, cell survival, and apoptosis, isotretinoin may possibly work with acne. It has anti-inflammatory qualities, lowers surface and ductal propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), impacts conidiogenesis, and decreases sebum production. Because of its complex mode of action, it works well to possibly address severe nodular acne that has not responded to other acne medicines.
The sebaceous glands, which are in charge of creating oil in the skin, are diminished in size and activity by isotretinoin, which is its active ingredient. This may lessen how severe your acne is.
Potential Benefits of Isotretinoin
The effectiveness and safety of isotretinoin have been explored. Isotretinoin has been thoroughly studied for its potential usefulness in treating a number of different diseases. The following list of recent tretinoin research topics includes:
Isotretinoin and Sebum Production
Forty-eight test subjects with acne were given oral 13-cis-retinoic acid in a double-blind dose-response trial. The results of the study showed that the test subjects’ acne significantly improved clinically, and this improvement was accompanied by a decline in the synthesis of free fatty acids (FFA) and sebum excretion rate (SER). The study also discovered a significant reduction in the number of microbes in the test subject’s acne-affected skin, with propionibacteria. It is crucial to remember that the decrease in microbial populations came after the decreases in sebum and FFA production. [R]
This implies that the drug’s impact on microorganisms is secondary to the alteration in sebum excretion, yet it is still a crucial element in the healing of acne. Overall, the study suggests that the primary mechanism by which 13-cis-retinoic acid improves acne is the reduction in sebum and FFA production, with the reduction in microorganisms being a secondary effect. The reduction in bacteria populations is still a key element in the healing of acne, though. [R]
Isotretinoin and Acne Vulgaris
In a trial, the effectiveness of low-dose isotretinoin (20 mg/d) in the treatment of mild acne was examined. 50 test subjects in total were enrolled, and 90.8% of those between the ages of 12 and 20 and 89.6% of those between the ages of 21 and 35 showed positive results. 5.2% and 7.4% of the two groups experienced treatment failure, respectively. According to the study, low dosages of isotretinoin are more affordable, less likely to cause severe adverse effects, and better in possibly addressing mild acne than higher doses. [R]
Isotretinoin and Folliculitis decalvans
The goal of one study was to identify the optimal oral isotretinoin monotherapy dose and duration for attaining remission in test individuals with folliculitis decalvans (FD). 39 male test participants received oral isotretinoin at doses of 0.1–1.02 mg/kg/day (10–90 mg/day) for a median time of 2.5 months (range: 1–8 months) in the retrospective case series investigation. After treatment, 82.0% of the test subjects showed improvement, and patients who received oral isotretinoin at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg/day for three months responded better, with 66% of them never experiencing a relapse. The study concludes that oral isotretinoin monotherapy is a promising alternative treatment for FD that warrants further investigation. [R]
Isotretinoin and Rosacea fulminans (pyoderma faciale)
A female test subject aged 3 had severe acne-like lesions on her face that did not get successful treatment despite receiving numerous treatments, such as corticosteroids and antibiotics. On the cheeks, the lesions appeared out of nowhere and spread quickly to other parts of the face. Bacterial cultures came back negative, and routine laboratory testing was normal. Erythromycin, prednisolone, fluocinolone acetonide cream, and warm compresses were used in the test subject’s initial treatment, which led to a moderate improvement. The skin renewed significantly after 4 weeks and completely vanished lesions after 8 weeks after isotretinoin was supplied at a dose of 10 mg daily. The test subject received isotretinoin treatment for a total of 24 weeks, and during the year of follow-up, there was no relapse. [R]
Teratogenicity
Despite Isotretinoin significant impact in addressing severe acne, it is important to know that it is also a teratogen, which means that if used while pregnant, it can lead to birth problems in developing fetuses. According to research, test participants exposed to the drug during pregnancy run a considerable risk of congenital abnormalities, with a risk of between 20 and 35 percent. [R]
Additionally, studies have discovered that isotretinoin prenatal exposure may also cause neurocognitive impairment in test subjects, with approximately 30–60% of test subjects exposed to isotretinoin prenatally displaying some form of cognitive impairment. [R]
Due to these dangers, isotretinoin is only given to female test subjects who have no chance of getting pregnant while taking the drug, according to strict regulations. Due to the significant risk of birth defects, isotretinoin exposure can result in the termination of pregnancies. [R]
Cancer
Undifferentiated brain cells can grow into a solid pediatric tumor known as a neuroblastoma (NB). Despite recent advancements in disease care and therapy, it still ranks among the leading causes of childhood cancer mortality, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic agents and regimens. Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, is a powerful compound that can encourage differentiation in NB cells. The NB therapy uses its isoform, 13-cis RA or isotretinoin, albeit its effectiveness is limited to preventing the advancement of minimum residual illness. [R] Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid; 13-cisRA) has been shown to significantly improve survival for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. [R]
Mood Changes
When taking isotretinoin for acne treatment, test subjects who are puberty-aged frequently experience mood swings and depression. Isotretinoin has been linked to depression in a recent controlled case cross-over research, pointing to a rare idiosyncratic reaction in some young, vulnerable test patients. The study found that acne patients who took oral isotretinoin had a relative risk for depression of 2.68 (95% CI = 1.03 to 3.89). This is the first controlled study to identify an isotretinoin-depression link with statistical significance. [R]
Isotretinoin and Androgen Production
Depending on the test subject’s gender, isotretinoin has been discovered to have distinct effects on precursor androgens. Isotretinoin has been observed to increase free testosterone, a form of precursor androgen, in female test subjects. It has no appreciable effects on other precursor androgens, either. The serum levels of DHT and 3 alpha-diol G in female test participants, as well as those of 3 alpha-diol G in male test subjects, were observed to be depressed by isotretinoin, in contrast. These decreases in precursor androgens are assumed to be the result, not the cause, of the shrinking sebaceous glands. The size of the observed declines might be a reflection of the quantity of tissue-derived androgens that sebaceous glands typically add to the circulating pool. This shows that isotretinoin medication has a secondary effect on the decrease in precursor androgens rather than having an immediate impact on the body’s ability to produce androgens. [R]
Overall, isotretinoin’s effects on precursor androgens are complicated and gender-specific. Isotretinoin appears to lower the levels of other precursor androgens in both male and female test participants, even if it may increase free testosterone in female test subjects. [R]
Precautions to Consider
The information presented here is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Isotretinoin is intended for laboratory and research use only and is not intended for human consumption.
Potential Side Effects
Known side effects or symptoms include dry skin, lips, and eyes; muscle and joint pain; headaches; hearing loss; bloody or dark urine; increased sensitivity to sunlight; changes in vision; mood changes, including suicidal thoughts; hair loss or thinning; nosebleeds; elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels; and liver damage.
The possibility of birth abnormalities after using isotretinoin is one of the most significant safety issues that needs extreme caution. Thus, it is recommended to not donate blood while consuming isotretinoin capsules for a minimum of one month to avoid possibly give the blood to pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended to not donate blood while consuming isotretinoin capsules for a minimum of one month to avoid potentially giving the blood to pregnant women.
Isotretinoin may also cause nosebleeds, dry skin, chapped lips, dry eyes, and dry mouth. Additionally, it may result in headaches, pain in the muscles and joints, and changes in mood, including depression and suicidal thoughts. To identify any potential adverse effects early and, if necessary, alter the dosage or stop the medication, regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is essential.
Isotretinoin can occasionally have serious adverse effects such as allergic reactions, pancreatitis, and liver damage. Get medical help right away if you suffer any strange symptoms while taking isotretinoin, such as excruciating abdominal discomfort or trouble breathing.
Overall, when used correctly and under a doctor’s supervision, isotretinoin can be a safe and effective treatment for severe acne. Understanding the risks and advantages of isotretinoin is crucial, as is paying close attention to your doctor’s instructions.
vision; mood changes, including suicidal thoughts; hair loss or thinning; nosebleeds; elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels; and liver damage.
Where Can I Buy Accutane or Isotretinoin?
When buying Isotretinoin, it is important to choose a reputable seller who provides quality products. At rcdbio.co, each product is accompanied by a third-party-issued Certificate of Analysis showing the identification, purity, and concentration of our product.
Conclusion
Isotretinoin is a medication mostly used to treat severe acne. It is a derivative of vitamin A that reduces how much oil the skin’s oil glands produce. This reduces the likelihood of clogged pores, the development of zits, and other acne lesions.
Isotretinoin which is taken orally is normally given for a few months. The use of this potent acne medication, which has a number of potential side effects, is frequently restricted to cases with severe acne that have not responded to earlier treatments.
Dryness and peeling of the skin, dry eyes, nosebleeds, joint discomfort, and mood changes are all common adverse effects of isotretinoin. Isotretinoin can also cause birth defects, so it’s essential for women of reproductive age to take effective birth control while taking the medication.
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