Description
What is Humanin Peptide?
Humanin is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide originally discovered through investigations of mitochondrial open reading frames encoding cytoprotective factors. It represents one of the first identified members of the mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) family and corresponds to a region encoded within the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of the mitochondrial genome. Unlike nuclear-encoded peptides, Humanin originates from mitochondrial DNA and has been investigated in laboratory settings for its interactions with intracellular signaling cascades, protein-protein binding complexes, and cellular stress response mechanisms in fibroblasts, neuronal cells, and metabolic tissue models.
Humanin is not a SARM, not a hormone analog, and not a dietary supplement. It is not approved by the FDA for human or veterinary use and is intended strictly for laboratory research purposes.
Chemical Properties
| Property | Detail |
| Product Type | Peptide |
| Product Name | Humanin Peptide |
| Format | Lyophilized Vial |
| Application | Scientific / Research Use Only |
| CAS | 330936-69-1 |
| Molecular Weight | 2,687.2 g/mol |
| Chemical Formula | C₁₁₉H₂₀₄N₃₄O₃₂S₂ |
| PubChem CID | 16131438 |
| Peptide Length | 24 amino acids |
| Sequence | MAPRGFSCLLLLTSEIDLPVKRRA |
| Peptide Source | Mitochondrial genome (16S rRNA region) |
| IUPAC Name | Not applicable (peptide sequence-based) |
| Synonyms | HN, Mitochondrial-derived peptide, 330936-69-1 |
| Physical Form | White to off-white lyophilized powder |
| Solubility | Soluble in sterile water or PBS buffer |
| Storage | −20°C, protected from light and moisture |
| Classification | Research Use Only (RUO) |
Vial format note: Humanin Peptide is supplied as a 5mg lyophilized powder in a sterile, sealed glass vial with a grey flip-top aluminum crimp cap. This format maintains peptide integrity under recommended cold storage conditions. The lyophilized form is the standard supplied form for most research applications.
How Does Humanin Peptide Work?
Mitochondrial Stress Response and Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation
Humanin has been investigated in preclinical cell culture systems for its role in mitochondrial-derived cellular defense pathways. In isolated cell models exposed to oxidative stressors, Humanin has been observed to interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory mechanisms and maintain cellular redox homeostasis under experimental conditions. Laboratory findings document the peptide’s influence on mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c release pathways in controlled stress model systems. Experimental data from in vitro investigations suggest Humanin modulates intracellular antioxidant enzyme expression and activity in response to oxidative challenge.
Neuroprotective Signaling and Protein Aggregate Interactions
In preclinical neuronal cell culture models, Humanin has been examined for its interactions with misfolded protein aggregates and amyloid-beta peptide complexes. Studies in isolated neuronal systems have examined Humanin interactions with protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disease models. Mechanistic investigations document the peptide’s influence on survival signaling cascades including STAT3 phosphorylation and ERK pathway activation in experimental neuronal stress conditions. Laboratory observations indicate Humanin may interact with pro-apoptotic protein Bax, interfering with its mitochondrial translocation in controlled cell death model systems.
Insulin Signaling and Metabolic Pathway Modulation
Humanin has been studied in experimental metabolic tissue models for its interactions with insulin receptor signaling components and glucose metabolism-related pathways. In preclinical pancreatic beta-cell culture systems, Humanin has been observed to influence insulin secretion patterns and cellular glucose uptake mechanisms under controlled laboratory conditions. Mechanistic data suggest the peptide interacts with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), forming complexes that modulate downstream signaling cascades. In vitro investigations document Humanin’s effects on PI3K and AMPK pathway components in experimental metabolic research settings.
Cellular Survival Pathway and Apoptosis Regulation
In isolated cell culture systems, Humanin has been investigated for its influence on programmed cell death signaling cascades and survival factor expression. Laboratory findings have documented changes in caspase activation patterns and cytochrome c release from mitochondria in controlled apoptosis model systems. Experimental observations document Humanin’s interactions with transcription factors regulating anti-apoptotic protein expression in preclinical cell stress investigations. Preclinical data suggest these mechanisms involve both mitochondrial membrane stabilization and cytosolic signaling cascade modulation.
What are the Potential Research Applications of Humanin Peptide?
In controlled laboratory environments, Humanin Peptide vials have been investigated for the following research applications:
- Mitochondrial-derived peptide signaling cascade characterization
- Oxidative stress response pathway investigation in cell culture models
- Neuroprotective mechanism studies in experimental neuronal systems
- Protein-protein interaction research involving IGFBP-3 binding complexes
- Insulin receptor signaling pathway modulation studies
- Cellular stress resistance mechanism evaluation
- Apoptotic signaling cascade regulation research
- Mitochondrial function and bioenergetics investigation
- Comparative mitochondrial peptide pharmacology studies
- Age-related cellular function mechanism research
What are the Potential Side Effects of Humanin Peptide?
Researchers in preclinical and in vitro settings have noted the following observations:
- No human safety data has been established for this research-grade formulation
- Long-term or chronic toxicity data do not exist for this research preparation
- Dose-dependent effects on mitochondrial membrane potential observed in preclinical cell culture models
- STAT3 and ERK pathway activation responses documented in experimental neuronal systems
- IGFBP-3 binding interactions observed in isolated protein complex studies
- Data from preclinical models remains limited and investigational
- Evidence is not consistent across all experimental conditions and cell types
Risk & Handling
Humanin Peptide is a synthetic mitochondrial-derived peptide under investigation in preclinical research.
Risk Tier: MODERATE
This rating reflects Humanin’s bioactive signaling activity at multiple intracellular pathways, the bioactive concentrations used in preclinical research, and the need for proper handling to prevent accidental exposure during reconstitution. Researchers must observe the following precautions at all times.
Handling Precautions: Humanin Peptide vials should be handled exclusively in a controlled laboratory environment by trained personnel. Use appropriate PPE at all times. Avoid direct skin and eye contact during reconstitution. Avoid inhalation of lyophilized powder.
Exposure Risks: No human safety data has been established for the research-grade formulation supplied here. Long-term or chronic toxicity data do not exist.
Storage: Store lyophilized Humanin Peptide vials at −20°C in a dry, dark environment. Protect from light, heat, and moisture at all times. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The vial seal should remain intact until use.
FAQs
What makes Humanin unique as a research peptide?
Humanin is encoded by the mitochondrial genome rather than nuclear DNA, distinguishing it as one of the first identified mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs). This unique origin makes it a valuable tool for investigating mitochondrial-nuclear communication and organelle-specific signaling in experimental models.
What vial format does RCDBio use for Humanin Peptide?
Humanin Peptide is supplied as 5mg lyophilized powder in a sterile vial with a flip-top aluminum crimp cap. This format maintains peptide integrity under cold storage conditions.
Is Humanin Peptide approved for human or veterinary use?
No. Humanin Peptide is not FDA-approved and is exclusively intended for laboratory research purposes. Review the Terms and Conditions before ordering.
How should reconstituted Humanin be stored?
Once reconstituted in sterile water or PBS buffer, aliquot the solution to avoid freeze-thaw cycles and store at −20°C or −80°C. Short-term working solutions may be kept at 4°C for up to one week. Protect from light and contamination.
References
- Hashimoto, Y., Niikura, T., Tajima, H., Yasukawa, T., Sudo, H., Ito, Y., Kita, Y., Kawasumi, M., Kouyama, K., Doyu, M., Sobue, G., Koide, T., Tsuji, S., Lang, J., Kurokawa, K., & Nishimoto, I. (2001). A rescue factor abolishing neuronal cell death by a wide spectrum of familial Alzheimer’s disease genes and Aβ. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(11), 6336–6341. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.101133498
- Guo, B., Zhai, D., Cabezas, E., Welsh, K., Nouraini, S., Satterthwait, A. C., & Reed, J. C. (2003). Humanin peptide suppresses apoptosis by interfering with Bax activation. Nature, 423(6938), 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01627
- National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2025). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16131438, Humanin. PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/16131438
- Ikonen, M., Liu, B., Hashimoto, Y., Ma, L., Lee, K. W., Niikura, T., Nishimoto, I., & Cohen, P. (2003). Interaction between the Alzheimer’s survival peptide humanin and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 regulates cell survival and apoptosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(23), 13042–13047. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC240741/
- Muzumdar, R. H., Huffman, D. M., Atzmon, G., Buettner, C., Cobb, L. J., Fishman, S., Budagov, T., Cui, L., Einstein, F. H., Poduval, A., Hwang, D., Barzilai, N., & Cohen, P. (2009). Humanin: a novel central regulator of peripheral insulin action. PLoS One, 4(7), e6334. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006334
- Yen, K., Lee, C., Mehta, H., & Cohen, P. (2013). The emerging role of the mitochondrial-derived peptide humanin in stress resistance. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 50(1), R11–R19. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23239898/
Disclaimer
Humanin Peptide is exclusively for laboratory research purposes. RCDbio products are not intended to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure any disease or medical condition.
The Food and Drug Administration has not evaluated the statements on our website. This product is not approved for human or veterinary use. Researchers must comply with all applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations governing the purchase and use of research compounds. By purchasing, you agree to our Terms and Conditions. RCDbio reserves the right to refuse sales to unauthorized individuals.
ATTENTION: All RCDbio products are strictly for LABORATORY AND RESEARCH PURPOSES ONLY. They are not intended for human consumption, veterinary use, or any other non-research application. For queries, complaints, or support, contact support@rcdbio.co
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