PTD-1 10mg (PTD-DBM)

Description

Disclaimer: PTD-1 (PTD-DBM) is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human or veterinary use. It is intended strictly for laboratory and research purposes only.

What is PTD-1 Peptide?

PTD-1, also known as PTD-DBM (Protein Transduction Domain–Dishevelled Binding Motif peptide), is a synthetic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). It is designed to competitively inhibit the interaction between CXXC-type zinc finger protein 5 (CXXC5) and Dishevelled (Dvl). Dvl is a key scaffolding protein in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CXXC5 acts as a negative feedback regulator of this pathway. PTD-1 is engineered to block this inhibitory interaction. It is studied in preclinical research models in the context of Wnt pathway activation, cutaneous wound healing, and bone formation.

Properties of PTD-1 Peptide

Property	Details
CAS Number	1609454-11-6 (confirmed via PubChem CID 176453931; (CAS 1609454-11-6 is the confirmed primary identifier; supplier-specific alternate CAS references should be independently verified against PubChem CID 176453931)
Molar Mass	3,082.62 Da
PubChem CID	176453931
Chemical Formula	C124H225N61O28S2
IUPAC Name	L-Arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginylglycylglycylglycylglycyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-threonylglycyl-L-histidyl-L-glutaminyl-L-isoleucyl-L-cysteinyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-cysteine
Stability/ Shelf life	24 months when stored lyophilized at −20 °C under recommended conditions
Synonyms	PTD-DBM; Protein Transduction Domain–Dishevelled Binding Motif peptide; CXXC5-Dvl Competing Peptide; PTD-1
Purity	≥98% (HPLC verified)
Storage Instructions	−20 °C (lyophilized); protect from light and moisture; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Reconstituted solution: use within 1 month at −20 °C or 6 months at −80 °C.
Solubility	Soluble in sterile water or aqueous buffer systems at room temperature (laboratory use only)
Classification	Research Use Only (RUO)
Wada Status	Not listed on the WADA 2026 Prohibited List

How Does PTD-1 Peptide Work?

PTD-1 is a bifunctional peptide. It consists of two components in a single sequence. The N-terminal polyarginine domain (RRRRRRRR) functions as a protein transduction domain (PTD), enabling membrane penetration and intracellular delivery in experimental models. The C-terminal domain (RKTGHQICKFRKC) encodes the Dishevelled-binding motif (DBM) derived from CXXC5, which competitively disrupts the CXXC5-Dvl protein-protein interaction.

Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, the proposed mechanism in experimental models involves the following:

• CXXC5 normally binds to the PDZ domain of Dishevelled (Dvl) and acts as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PTD-1 competes with endogenous CXXC5 for Dvl binding, preventing this inhibitory interaction.
• Disruption of the CXXC5-Dvl interaction is associated with downstream activation of β-catenin-mediated transcription in preclinical cell culture and animal models.
• Activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling is associated with the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, keratinocyte activity, and dermal fibroblast function in experimental systems.
• PTD-1 does not directly activate Wnt ligands or receptors. It acts at the intracellular level by relieving a specific negative feedback checkpoint in the pathway. (Lee et al., 2015  DOI: https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20141601)

All mechanistic findings are derived from in vitro and preclinical animal models only. Human pharmacology data for PTD-1 are absent. Data should be interpreted with caution and are not generalizable to human therapeutic outcomes.

What are the Potential Research Observations of PTD-1 Peptide?

The following research findings are based on articles retrieved from PubMed and are reported from preclinical and in vitro studies only. These findings do not constitute clinical evidence.

CXXC5-Dvl Interaction Disruption and Cutaneous Wound Healing Observations

Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, PTD-DBM (PTD-1) was studied as a competitor peptide targeting the CXXC5-Dvl interaction in cutaneous wound healing models. CXXC5 was identified as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. In CXXC5-knockout mice, accelerated cutaneous wound healing was observed alongside enhanced keratin 14 and collagen synthesis. PTD-DBM treatment disrupted the CXXC5-Dvl interaction and activated β-catenin and collagen production in vitro. Co-treatment of skin wounds with PTD-DBM and valproic acid (VPA) synergistically accelerated wound closure in mouse models. Findings are from in vitro and murine experimental models only and have not been validated in human clinical studies. (Lee et al., 2015  The Dishevelled-binding protein CXXC5 negatively regulates cutaneous wound healing)

CXXC5 as Negative Regulator of Osteoblast Differentiation PTD-DBM Observations

Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, CXXC5 was characterized as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation models. CXXC5 deficiency in mice resulted in elevated bone mineral density (BMD) without severe developmental abnormalities. Suppression of the Dvl-CXXC5 interaction using a competitor peptide (PTD-DBM) was associated with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and osteoblast differentiation in preclinical models. Accelerated calvarial bone thickness growth was also observed in ex vivo-cultured calvaria treated with the competitor peptide. Findings are from mouse knockout models and ex vivo tissue cultures only and require further validation. (Kim et al., 2015 CXXC5 is a negative-feedback regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in osteoblast differentiation)

PTD-DBM in Regenerative Wound Healing and Scar Attenuation Models

Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, PTD-DBM was studied in combination with pyrogallol-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA-PG) adhesive hydrogel patches in a murine wound healing model. PTD-DBM loaded into HA-PG patches inhibited the CXXC5-Dvl interaction and promoted regenerative wound healing characterized by reduced scar formation. Treatment was associated with inhibition of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and induction of stem cell markers CD105 and Nestin. Collagen III, associated with regenerative healing, was critically induced in PTD-DBM-treated groups. Findings are from a murine experimental model and do not constitute clinical evidence. (Lee et al., 2023  Adhesive Hydrogel Patch-Mediated Combination Drug Therapy Induces Regenerative Wound Healing through Reconstruction of Regenerative Microenvironment)

Note: PTD-1 (PTD-DBM) is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human or veterinary use. It has no approved therapeutic indications. This compound is intended strictly for scientific research purposes only.

Safety Profile and Toxicological Considerations

Researchers have noted the following observations in experimental settings. Long-term safety data remain absent for PTD-1. A complete toxicity profile has not been established in any biological system.

• No LD50 or chronic toxicity data are available in peer-reviewed literature for PTD-1
• No human safety profile exists; systemic effects of inadvertent exposure are not established
• The polyarginine PTD domain confers membrane-penetrating activity — off-target intracellular interactions in non-target cell types cannot be excluded
• PTD-1 contains two cysteine residues susceptible to oxidation and disulfide bond formation; reconstituted solutions should be used promptly
• Repeated freeze-thaw cycles are associated with reduced peptide integrity and analytical reliability
• Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation in non-target tissues or cell types represents a potential experimental variable not yet fully characterized

Any clinical research initiatives must be conducted under the guidance of the relevant Institutional Review Board (IRB). Preclinical research involving animals must comply with IACUC directives under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA).

Why Choose RCDbio for PTD-1?

If you are looking to source research-grade PTD-1 peptide, RCDbio offers third-party tested compounds available strictly for preclinical and in vitro research use. Each batch is held to standard quality protocols, and a Certificate of Analysis (COA) is available per lot.

• Independent third-party laboratory testing per batch
• COA confirming compound identity and purity per lot
• Purity verified by HPLC to ≥98%
• Molecular identity confirmed against CAS 1609454-11-6 and PubChem CID 176453931
• RCDbio does not self-certify; all quality verification is conducted by accredited independent laboratories

Disclosure: Sponsored by RCDbio. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement of any product for human use.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Is PTD-1 approved for human use?

No. PTD-1 (PTD-DBM) is not approved by the FDA for any human or medical application. It is classified as a research-use peptide only and has no approved therapeutic indications in any regulatory jurisdiction.

What is the mechanism by which PTD-1 modulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in research models?

Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, PTD-1 competitively inhibits the interaction between CXXC5 and Dishevelled (Dvl). CXXC5 normally acts as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. By blocking this interaction, PTD-1 is proposed to relieve inhibitory feedback and allow downstream β-catenin-mediated transcription to proceed in experimental cell and animal models.

What is the difference between the PTD domain and the DBM domain of PTD-1?

PTD-1 is a bifunctional peptide. The N-terminal polyarginine sequence (RRRRRRRR) is the protein transduction domain (PTD) that facilitates membrane penetration and intracellular delivery. The C-terminal sequence (RKTGHQICKFRKC) is the Dishevelled-binding motif (DBM) derived from CXXC5, which competitively disrupts the CXXC5-Dvl protein-protein interaction in experimental models.

How should PTD-1 be stored in a laboratory setting?

Lyophilized PTD-1 should be stored at −20 °C in a dry, dark environment, away from heat, moisture, and light. Reconstituted solutions should be used promptly following validated laboratory protocols. The peptide contains cysteine residues susceptible to oxidation; repeated freeze-thaw cycles must be avoided to maintain structural integrity and analytical reliability.

What is the shelf life of PTD-1 peptide?

When stored lyophilized at −20 °C under recommended conditions, PTD-1 peptide is estimated to remain stable for up to 24 months.

References

1. Lee, S.-H., Kim, M.-Y., Kim, H.-Y., Lee, Y.-M., Kim, H., Nam, K. A., Roh, M. R., Min, D. S., Chung, K. Y., & Choi, K.-Y. (2015). The Dishevelled-binding protein CXXC5 negatively regulates cutaneous wound healing. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 212(7), 1061–1080. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20141601
2. Kim, H.-Y., Yoon, J.-Y., Yun, J.-H., Cho, K.-W., Lee, S.-H., Rhee, Y.-M., Jung, H.-S., Lim, H. J., Lee, H., Choi, J., Heo, J.-N., Lee, W., No, K. T., Min, D., & Choi, K.-Y. (2015). CXXC5 is a negative-feedback regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in osteoblast differentiation. Cell Death & Differentiation, 22(6), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2014.238
3. Lee, S.-H., An, S., Ryu, Y. C., Seo, S. H., Park, S., Lee, M. J., Cho, S.-W., & Choi, K.-Y. (2023). Adhesive Hydrogel Patch-Mediated Combination Drug Therapy Induces Regenerative Wound Healing through Reconstruction of Regenerative Microenvironment. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 12(18), e2203094. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202203094

Disclaimer

PTD-1 (PTD-DBM) is exclusively for laboratory research purposes. RCDbio products are not intended to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure any disease or medical condition. The Food and Drug Administration has not evaluated the statements on this page. Researchers must comply with all applicable local laws and regulations governing the use of research compounds. Any clinical research initiatives must be conducted under the guidance of the relevant Institutional Review Board (IRB). Preclinical research involving animals must comply with IACUC directives under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). By purchasing, you agree to RCDbio Terms and Conditions. RCDbio reserves the right to refuse sales to unauthorized individuals.